Megaproject on innovative transformation of the plant breeding system to increase productivity and yield (second half of the twentieth century)
Abstract
The purpose of the article is to reconstruct the events and analyze the scientific activities of the geneticist Oleksii Sozinov (1930–2018) aimed at the development of agricultural science in Ukraine. Particular attention is paid to the creation and development of the phytotron at the All-Union Breeding and Genetic Institute (now the Breeding and Genetic Institute - National Center for Seed and Variety Studies) in the second half of the twentieth century. The innovative transformation of the plant breeding system initiated by O. Sozinov, aimed at increasing the productivity and yield of agricultural crops, is studied. The use of methods of microhistory and comparative historical analysis allowed to reveal more deeply the scientific contribution of the scientist and his influence on the development of breeding science and technology. Based on the processing of archival materials, a set of sources was first introduced into scientific circulation, which allows us to rethink the importance of the developments of O. Sozinov and his colleagues in the creation and functioning of the phytotron. The analysis of documentary materials of the State Archives of Odesa Region and other sources allowed to expand the understanding of the use of phytotron technologies in breeding activities and their impact on agricultural science and crop yields. The contribution of O. Sozinov to the development of scientific research in the field of breeding and genetics, in particular the introduction of advanced experimental methods and the use of phytotron for research on grain crops, is outlined. It is proved that the scientist's many years of experience in plant breeding and genetics became the basis for the formation of long-term scientific directions in this field. The experimental approaches he introduced contributed to the innovative transformation of the breeding system, which ensured a significant increase in crop productivity and yield. It is concluded that the scientific achievements of O. Sozinov not only laid the foundation for further research, but also determined the prospects for the development of the industry for decades to come. The use of the phytotron has significantly expanded the possibilities of studying the influence of various factors on plant growth and development, which, in turn, has contributed to the creation of new highly productive varieties.
Downloads
References
Biggs, W., Edison, A., Eastin J., Brown, K., Maranville, J., & Clegg M. (1971). Photosynthesis light sensor and meter. Ecology, 52(1), 125–131. https://doi.org/10.2307/1934743
Braak, J, & Smeets, L. (1956). The Phytotron of the Institute of Horticultural Plant Breeding at Wageningen, Netherlands. Euphytica, 5, 205–217. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00022079
Derzhavnyy arkhiv Odes'koyi oblasti – State Archives of Odesa Oblast. Fund P. 3139, Inventory 1, Case 44, Sheet 63 [іn Ukrainian].
Derzhavnyy arkhiv Odes'koyi oblasti – State Archives of Odesa Oblast. Fund Р. 3139, Inventory 1, Case 59, Sheet 28 [іn Ukrainian].
Derzhavnyy arkhiv Odes'koyi oblasti – State Archives of Odesa Oblast. Fund Р. 3139, Inventory 1, Case 68, Sheet 30–34 [іn Ukrainian].
Derzhavnyy arkhiv Odes'koyi oblasti – State Archives of Odesa Oblast. Fund Р. 7881, Inventory 1, Case 152, Sheet 62–64 [іn Ukrainian].
Derzhavnyy arkhiv Odes'koyi oblasti – State Archives of Odesa Oblast. Fund R. 7881, Inventory 1, Case 152, Sheet 27 [іn Ukrainian].
Derzhavnyy arkhiv Odes'koyi oblasti – State Archives of Odesa Oblast. Fund R 7881, Inventory 1, Case 152, Sheet 137–143 [іn Ukrainian].
Derzhavnyy arkhiv Odes'koyi oblasti – State Archives of Odesa Oblast. Fund R. 7881, Inventory 1, Case 294, Sheet 35 [іn Ukrainian].
Downs, R. (1975). Controlled environments for plant research. New York: Columbia University Press.
Downs, R. (1988). Comments on flux and flux density. HortScience, 23(4), 663–664. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.23.4.663
Dragavtsev, V. (2000). Integration of biodiversity and genom technology for crop improvement (pp. 9395). Tsucuba, Japan: National Institute of Agrobiological Resourses.
Dubovyi, V. (2020). Fitotronna ahroekolohiia: Monohrafiia: v 2 t. T. 1 : Fitotronno-selektsiini tekhnolohii zernovykh kultur [Phytotron agroecology: Monograph, in 2 vol. Vol. 1. Phytotronic breeding technologies of grain crops]. Kherson: Oldi plius [іn Ukrainian].
Duvick, D. (2009). Utilization of biotechnology in plant breeding for North America: A status report. In H. Eierdanz (Ed.), Perspektiven Nachwachsender Rohstoffe in der Chemie (pp. 3–10). Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527624720.ch1
Gottschalk, W. (1985). Experiments on the phytotron at Pisum. 1. Influence of temperature on the flowering behaviour of different genotypes. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 70, 207–212. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00275323
Lyfenko, S. (2012). Selektsiyno-Henetychnyy Instytut: 100 Rokiv. 19122012: Narysy z istoriyi [Selektsiyno-Henetychnyy Institute: 100 Rokiv. 19122012: Narysy z istoriyi]. Odesa: Astroprint [іn Ukrainian].
Sokolov, V. (2012). Selektsiyno-henetychnyy instytut – istoriya, napryamy v rezul'taty naukovykh doslidzhen' [Breeding and Genetics Institute history, directions in research results]. Visnyk Ukrayins'koho Tovarystva Henetykiv i Selektsioneriv – Bulletin of the Ukrainian Society of Geneticists and Breeders, (2), 344–357 [in Ukrainian].
Sozinov, A. (1979b). Selektsiia pshenitsy na kachestvo zerna [Selection of wheat for grain quality]. Selektsiia i Sortovaia Agrotekhnika Ozimoi Pshenitsy – Selection and Varietal Agrotechnics of Winter Wheat, (1), 42–56 [in Russian].
Sozinov, A. (1979а). Otdelenie rastenievodstva i selektsii: Doklad o rabote Otdeleniia na obshchem sobranii akademikov i chlenov-korrespondentov VASKhNIL [Department of plant production and breeding: Report on the work of the Department at the general meeting of academicians and corresponding members of VASKhNIL]. Vesnik Selskokhoziaistvenoi Nauki – Springer of Agricultural Science, (7), 134–136 [in Russian].
Sozinov, A. (1981b). Novye rubezhi otechestvennoi selskokhoziaistvennoi biologicheskoi nauki [New Frontiers of Domestic Agricultural Biological Science]. Selskokhoziaistvennaia Biologiia – Agricultural Biology, (16), 3–13 [in Russian].
Sozinov, A. (1981а). Dvizhushchaia sila selektsii o perspektivakh vyvedeniia novykh sortov zernovykh kultur [The driving force of breeding: on the prospects of breeding new varieties of cereal crops]. Nauka i Zhizn – Science and Life, (2), 40–46 [in Russian].
Sozinov, O. (1978a). XIV Mizhnarodnyy henetychnyy konhres [XIV International Genetic Congress]. Visnyk Sil's'kohospodars'koyi Nauky – Bulletin of Agricultural Science, (12), 100–102 [іn Ukrainian].
Sozinov, O. (1978b). Pidvyshchennya rezul'tatyvnosti selektsiyi pry vykorystanni fitotronu [Increasing the efficiency of selection when using a phytotron]. Visnyk Sil's'kohospodars'koyi Nauky – Bulletin of Agricultural Science, (8), 105–114 [іn Ukrainian].
Strelko, O., Pylypchuk, O. Ya., & Pylypchuk, O. O. (2024). The Kyiv Society of Naturalists and its importance in the development of zoology. West Bohemian Historical Review, 14(1), 105‒121. Retrieved from https://wbhr.cz/images/issues/WBHR_2024_1.pdf
Tibbitts, T., & Kozlowski (Eds.). (1979). Controlled environment guidelines for plant research. New York: Academic Press.
Ursu, D. (2013). Henetyka v Odesi: vidrodzhennya nauky [Genetics in Odesa: the revival of science]. Istoryko-Krayeznavchyy Naukovyy Al'manakh – Historical and Local Lore Scientific Almanac, (15), 126–170 [іn Ukrainian].
Vergunov, V. (2018). Vin vyperedzhav sviy chas: Shtrykhy do portretu akademika O. O. Sozinova [He was ahead of his time: Strokes to the portrait of academician O. O. Sozinov]. Svitohlyad – Worldview, (5), 14–16 [in Ukrainian].
Vergunov, V., Derlemenko, T., Anikina, O., & Kyrylenko, L. (2010). Sozinov Oleksiy Oleksiyovych: Biobibliohrafichnyy Pokazhchyk naukovykh prats' za 1954–2009 roky. Do 80-richchya vid dnya narodzhennya [Sozinov Oleksiy Oleksiyovych: Biobibliographic index of scientific works for 1954–2009. To the 80th anniversary of his birth]. Kyiv: National scientific agricultural library, National academy of agrarian sciences of Ukraine [іn Ukrainian].
Abstract views: 488 PDF Downloads: 278
License terms: authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License International CC-BY that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
The scanned copy of the "Agreement” on the authors" copyright transfer on the manuscript publication and the subsequent posting of the paper on the Internet (in * .pdf or * .jpg format) is to be attached to the manuscript of the paper.
By this agreement the author certifies that the submitted material:
- does not infringe the copyright of other persons or organizations;
- was not previously published in other publishing houses and has not been submitted for publication in other editions.
The author passes the editorial board of the journal "History of science and technology" rights to:
- publication of the article in Ukrainian (English and Russian) language and distribution of its printed copy;
- translation of the article into English language (for articles in Ukrainian and Russian language) and distribution of its translated printed copy;
- distribution of the article electronic copy, as well as electronic copy of the article English translation (for articles in Ukrainian and Russian), via any electronic means (placing on the official web-site of the journal, electronic databases, repositories, etc.) printed copy of the translation.
The author reserves the right without the consent of the editorial board and founders:
- Use the materials of the article in whole or in part for educational purposes.
- Use the materials of the article in whole or in part to write their own dissertations.
- Use the materials of the article for the preparation of abstracts, conference reports, as well as oral presentations.
- Place electronic copies of the article (including the final electronic copy downloaded from the official web-site of the journal) to:
- personal web-resources of all authors (web-sites, web-pages, blogs, etc.);
- web-resources of institutions where authors work (including electronic institutional repositories);
- non-commercial web-resources of open access (for example, arXiv.org).
In all cases, the availability of a bibliographic link to an article or hyperlink to its electronic copy on the official website of the journal is compulsory.
